Database Systems with SQL - Full Course - Database Systems - Cloud Databases and Cloud Computing Explained SaaS PaaS IaaS - APPFICIAL

Multi-tier architecture A tier refers to a software or hardware layer, but in the terms of database architecture it refers to hardware. A single-tier architecture was dominate prior to the 1990s, and was mostly just personal computers connected to monitors. Multi-tier architecture is 2 or more tiers that are connected Web is multi-tier architecture where the tiers are connected by the Internet. The tops tier is typically your web browser, tier below is the web server. Even lower tiers can be application servers, database, or other services. Prior to the 2000s, most commercial software was located on-site. Companies had huge server rooms with lots of connected servers running enterprise applications. For example, when Sony Playstation launched a new game, they may have needed 150 servers to set up the game. The game architecture includes authentication servers, proxy servers, databases, matchmaking servers, lots of game servers, and more. 150 servers may have been necessary for a game if the game expected 100k players on launch day, but as the game becomes less popular and only 2k players are playing the game, then many of those servers become unutilized. Lets say only 5 servers may be needed, and 145 servers are just sitting around. Companies had to pay IT people to set up these servers, connect them, keep the server room cooled, and earthquake proof, and fix any hardware failures. Also, they may need more server rooms in other countries such as Japan or England so that international players don’t have lag in their online game. Cloud computing companies like Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud came along to make this entire process easier. Rather than having to buy all this hardware, set it up and maintain it, companies can just rent the number of Virtual Machine (VM) servers they need and give them back when they are no longer needed. A VM is software that feels like an operating system that has it’s own memory and CPU allocated to it. It’s similar to having a Nintendo emulator on your phone or computer, where it looks and feels like your on a Nintendo, but it’s really just software. You can even install Windows VM on a MacBook if you have a MacBook but prefer Windows as your operating system. There are 3 main types of cloud services that cloud computing provides: Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) - A server that provides computer processing, memory, and storage media, as if the customer were renting a computer. Ex: Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), from AWS. Platform-as-a-service (PaaS), - provides a database, application development tools, and messaging services. Ex: Relational Data Store (RDS) from AWS Software-as-a-service (SaaS) - like subscribing to a software application through web browsers on customer machines. Ex: Salesforce, Office 365. Most databases today are cloud databases, which are PaaS. Benefits and risks Cloud databases have lots of awesome benefits: Administration – handled by cloud providers. You don’t need to worry about Installing, managing, upgrading, and backing up database systems, which is time-consuming and complex. Security - Better security than most cloud customers. Reliability – Provides redundant computing systems with little or no down-time. Elasticity - Ability to adapt to changes, such as increasing the size or number of copies of a database on demand Cost – The cost for a cloud database is much lower than having to host the database yourself. You save on storage, support, hardware maintenance, electricity, and more. One main concern with cloud database is data privacy. Cloud database companies offer data policy regulations that most companies choose to accept. Subscribe to Appficial for more programming videos coming soon. Also, don't forget to click LIKE and comment on the video if it helped you out!