Summary

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An Operating System (OS) is essential software that manages all the hardware and software components of a computer or mobile device. It ensures different programs can run properly and share system resources like the CPU, memory, storage, and input/output devices. Key functions of an OS: Process Management: Runs and monitors applications, ensuring each gets the resources it needs. Memory Management: Allocates and tracks the use of RAM so programs don’t conflict. File System Management: Organizes data on storage devices using folders and files. Device Management: Controls hardware components like printers, keyboards, and drives. Security & Access Control: Protects the system from unauthorized access and threats. User Interface: Provides ways to interact with the system—either graphical (GUI) or command-line (CLI). Popular OS examples include Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and iOS. It essentially makes the hardware usable and allows users to perform tasks smoothly.